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Systemic heart refers to : -
A
The heart that contracts under stimulation from nervous system
B
Left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates
C
Entire heart in lower vertebrates
D
The two ventricles together in humans
Detailed Solution
In birds and mammals (higher vertebrates), the heart is four-chambered and the left and right halves are completely separated, giving double circulation.
The right side (right atrium and ventricle) receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs; it is called the pulmonary heart.
The left side (left atrium/auricle and left ventricle) receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to all parts of the body through the aorta (systemic circulation). So it is called the systemic heart.
In fishes, the whole heart pumps only deoxygenated blood (venous heart).
So the systemic heart refers to the left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates.
The right side (right atrium and ventricle) receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs; it is called the pulmonary heart.
The left side (left atrium/auricle and left ventricle) receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to all parts of the body through the aorta (systemic circulation). So it is called the systemic heart.
In fishes, the whole heart pumps only deoxygenated blood (venous heart).
So the systemic heart refers to the left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates.