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In maize, hybrid vigour is exploited by -
A
Bombarding the protoplast with DNA
B
Crossing of two inbred parental lines
C
Harvesting seeds from the most productive plants
D
Inducing mutations
Detailed Solution
Hybrid vigour or heterosis is the superiority of the hybrid over both its parents in size, growth rate, yield and other characters.
Maize is a cross-pollinated crop. Pure inbred lines are first developed by repeated self-pollination; these are homozygous but weak (inbreeding depression).
When two different inbred parental lines are crossed, the F1 hybrid is highly heterozygous and shows marked hybrid vigour and a much higher yield.
Hybrid maize seed is produced commercially by this method.
Since the vigour is lost in later generations through segregation, fresh hybrid seed is produced every year.
Bombarding protoplasts with DNA, selecting productive plants and inducing mutations are other breeding techniques that do not exploit heterosis.
So in maize hybrid vigour is exploited by crossing two inbred parental lines.
Maize is a cross-pollinated crop. Pure inbred lines are first developed by repeated self-pollination; these are homozygous but weak (inbreeding depression).
When two different inbred parental lines are crossed, the F1 hybrid is highly heterozygous and shows marked hybrid vigour and a much higher yield.
Hybrid maize seed is produced commercially by this method.
Since the vigour is lost in later generations through segregation, fresh hybrid seed is produced every year.
Bombarding protoplasts with DNA, selecting productive plants and inducing mutations are other breeding techniques that do not exploit heterosis.
So in maize hybrid vigour is exploited by crossing two inbred parental lines.