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The correct increasing order of basic strength for the following compounds is:
Explanation
Electron-withdrawing groups reduce, and donating groups increase, amine basicity.
Detailed Solution
$-NO_2$ has a strong –R effect, which decreases the basicity; $-CH_3$ shows +R (hyperconjugation) and +I effects, which increase the basicity.
Order of basic strength: p-nitroaniline < aniline < p-toluidine, i.e. II < I < III.
Order of basic strength: p-nitroaniline < aniline < p-toluidine, i.e. II < I < III.