2025 SolutionsColligative Properties - Elevation in Boiling Point Easy Question 6 of 62 in Solutions

Which of the following aqueous solution will exhibit highest boiling point?

A $0.01\text{ M Urea}$
B $0.01\text{ M KNO}_3$
C $0.01\text{ M Na}_2\text{SO}_4$
D $0.015\text{ M C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6$

The answer is C.

Solution

Elevation in boiling point $\Delta T_b \propto i \times M$. For $\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4$, $i \times M = 3 \times 0.01 = 0.03\text{ M}$, which is highest.

Boiling point elevation is a colligative property: $\Delta T_b = i \cdot K_b \cdot m \approx i \cdot K_b \cdot M$. Higher $i \times M$ results in a higher boiling point. Evaluating $i \times M$: (1) Urea: non-electrolyte, $i = 1 \implies 1 \times 0.01 = 0.01$. (2) $\text{KNO}_3$: dissociates into $\text{K}^+ + \text{NO}_3^-$ ($i = 2$) $\implies 2 \times 0.01 = 0.02$. (3) $\text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4$: dissociates into $2\text{Na}^+ + \text{SO}_4^{2-}$ ($i = 3$) $\implies 3 \times 0.01 = 0.03$. (4) Glucose: non-electrolyte, $i = 1 \implies 1 \times 0.015 = 0.015$. Since $0.01\text{ M Na}_2\text{SO}_4$ gives the largest total particle concentration ($0.03\text{ M}$), it exhibits the highest boiling point.

Concept van 't Hoff Factor and Colligative Properties

Solutions in past papers

62 questions from this chapter have appeared across 25 exam years.