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Identify the incorrect statement from the following:
A
The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from lanthanum to lutetium is called lanthanoid contraction
B
Zirconium and Hafnium have identical radii of 160 pm and 159 pm, respectively as a consequence of lanthanoid contraction
C
Lanthanoids reveal only +3 oxidation state
D
The lanthanoid ions other than the $f^0$ type and the $f^{14}$ type are all paramagnetic
Detailed Solution
While +3 is the most common and characteristic oxidation state of lanthanoids, some lanthanoids also show +2 and +4 oxidation states (e.g. $Ce^{4+}$, $Eu^{2+}$), so the statement that lanthanoids reveal only the +3 oxidation state is incorrect.