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Match List - I (x-y graphs) with List - II (Situations). Choose the correct answer.
Column I
- A. -
- B. -
- C. -
- D. -
Column II
- I. Total mechanical energy is conserved
- II. Bob of a pendulum is oscillating under negligible air friction
- III. Restoring force of a spring
- IV. Bob of a pendulum is oscillating along with air friction
Correct answer: A → IV, B → III, C → II, D → I
Detailed Solution
Graph (a) shows decreasing amplitude, i.e. damped oscillation: a pendulum oscillating with air friction (a-iv). Graph (b) is a straight line with negative slope, i.e. restoring force of a spring $F=-kx$ (b-iii). Graph (c) shows constant amplitude, i.e. undamped oscillation: pendulum with negligible air friction (c-ii). Graph (d) shows KE and PE curves whose sum is constant: total mechanical energy is conserved (d-i).