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Biology
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
132 questions from 36 papers, each with its answer.
- 132 questions
- 36 papers
- 3.74% of Biology
Restriction enzymes and sticky ends
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When a particular restriction enzyme cuts strand of DNA, overhanging stretches or sticky ends are formed.Reason: Some restriction enzymes cut the strand of DNA a little away from the centre of the palindromic site.Both statements are correct and the reason explains the assertion. Sticky ends are produced by restriction enzymes that cut the DNA strand a little away from the centre of the palindromic site, but between the same two bases on the opposite strand.
Separation of DNA fragments - gel electrophoresis
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Separation of DNA fragments is done by a technique known asCutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases produces fragments which are separated by gel electrophoresis.
Isolation of genetic material
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The enzyme (a) is needed for isolating genetic material from plant cells and enzyme (b) for isolating genetic material from fungus. Choose the correct pair of options from the following:Genetic material is released by lysing the cell wall. Plant cell walls are digested by cellulase and fungal cell walls (chitin) by chitinase.
Methods of introducing alien DNA into host cells
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Which of the following methods is not commonly used for introducing foreign DNA into the plant cell?Bacteriophages are used as vectors to insert foreign DNA into bacteria, not into plant cells. Agrobacterium, gene gun (biolistics) and disarmed pathogen vectors are used for plants.
Agarose gel electrophoresis
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Refer to the following statements for agarose-gel electrophoresis: (a) Agarose is a natural polymer obtained from sea-weed. (b) The separation of DNA molecules in agarose-gel electrophoresis depends on the size of DNA. (c) The DNA migrates from negatively-charged electrode to the positively-charged electrode (d) The DNA migrates from positively-charged electrode to the negatively-charged electrode. Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given belowAgarose is a natural polymer extracted from sea weeds. DNA fragments are negatively charged and move towards the anode (positive electrode), separating according to their size.
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