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Select the correct matching of a hormone, its source and function.
A
Vasopressin – Posterior pituitary – Increases loss of water through urine
B
Norepinephrine – Adrenal medulla – Increases heart beat, rate of respiration and alertness
C
Glucagon – Beta-cells of Islets of Langerhans – Stimulates glycogenolysis
D
Prolactin – Posterior pituitary – Regulates growth of mammary glands and milk formation in females
Detailed Solution
Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and adrenaline are secreted by the adrenal medulla; they increase alertness, pupillary dilation, the heart beat, the strength of heart contraction and the rate of respiration (emergency hormones). This row is fully correct.
Vasopressin (ADH) is released from the posterior pituitary, but it stimulates reabsorption of water in the kidney and so reduces loss of water through urine.
Glucagon does stimulate glycogenolysis, but it is secreted by the alpha cells, not the beta cells, of the islets of Langerhans.
Prolactin does regulate the growth of mammary glands and milk formation, but it is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
Hence the correct match is norepinephrine – adrenal medulla – increases heart beat, rate of respiration and alertness.
Vasopressin (ADH) is released from the posterior pituitary, but it stimulates reabsorption of water in the kidney and so reduces loss of water through urine.
Glucagon does stimulate glycogenolysis, but it is secreted by the alpha cells, not the beta cells, of the islets of Langerhans.
Prolactin does regulate the growth of mammary glands and milk formation, but it is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
Hence the correct match is norepinephrine – adrenal medulla – increases heart beat, rate of respiration and alertness.