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Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
A
Afferent arteriole : Carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein
B
Podocytes : Create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman's capsule
C
Henle's loop : Most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
D
Distal convoluted tubule : Reabsorption of $K^+$ ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
Detailed Solution
Podocytes are the epithelial cells of the inner wall of Bowman's capsule; they are arranged in an intricate manner so as to leave minute spaces called filtration slits or slit pores, through which the blood is filtered. This statement is correct.
The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus; blood leaves the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole.
Most of the reabsorption (nearly all essential nutrients and 70–80% of electrolytes and water) takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule; reabsorption in Henle's loop is minimum.
The distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs $Na^+$ and water and secretes $K^+$, $H^+$ and $NH_3$; it does not reabsorb $K^+$.
Hence the correct explanation is that of the podocytes.
The afferent arteriole carries blood into the glomerulus; blood leaves the glomerulus through the efferent arteriole.
Most of the reabsorption (nearly all essential nutrients and 70–80% of electrolytes and water) takes place in the proximal convoluted tubule; reabsorption in Henle's loop is minimum.
The distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs $Na^+$ and water and secretes $K^+$, $H^+$ and $NH_3$; it does not reabsorb $K^+$.
Hence the correct explanation is that of the podocytes.