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Biology
Microbes in Human Welfare
81 questions from 35 papers, each with its answer.
- 81 questions
- 35 papers
- 2.3% of Biology
Microbes in Industrial Products
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Which one of the following pairs is wrongly matched?Amylases are used in the textile industry to remove starch (desizing) – correct.
Lipases are used in detergent formulations and help in removing oily stains from laundry – correct.
Pectinases (and proteases) are used to clarify bottled fruit juices – correct.
Alcohol is produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeast, through enzymes such as zymase; nitrogenase is the enzyme of nitrogen fixation and has nothing to do with alcohol production.
Hence the wrongly matched pair is alcohol – nitrogenase.
Microbes as Biocontrol Agents
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Which of the following is not used as a biopesticide?Biopesticides are biological agents used to control weeds, insects and pathogens.
$Bacillus\ thuringiensis$ produces the Bt toxin, which kills insect larvae (caterpillars); it is used as a bioinsecticide.
$Trichoderma$ species are free-living fungi that are effective biocontrol agents of several plant pathogens.
Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), a baculovirus, is a species-specific, narrow-spectrum insecticide.
$Xanthomonas\ campestris$ is itself a plant pathogen, causing black rot of crucifers; it is not a biopesticide.
Hence $Xanthomonas\ campestris$ is not used as a biopesticide.
Biofuels
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Which of the following plant species would you select for the production of bioethanol?Bioethanol is produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeast; so the raw material must be rich in sugar or in starch that can be converted to sugar.
$Zea\ mays$ (maize) grains are rich in starch, which is hydrolysed to glucose and fermented to ethanol; maize and sugarcane are the major sources of bioethanol.
$Jatropha$ and $Pongamia$ have oil-rich seeds; their oil is used to make biodiesel, not bioethanol.
$Brassica$ (mustard, rapeseed) is also an oilseed crop.
Hence $Zea\ mays$ would be selected for the production of bioethanol.
That is every question in Microbes in Human Welfare for this filter.
Show all 81 questions Next: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
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