Morphology of Flowering Plants

In pea and bean flowers (family Fabaceae) there are five petals: the largest (standard) overlaps the two lateral petals (wings), which in turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel).
This is vexillary or papilionaceous aestivation.

When the placenta is axial and the ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary, the placentation is axile.
It is seen in tomato, lemon and china rose.

In Australian Acacia the leaves are small and short-lived; the petiole expands, becomes green and synthesises food. Such a petiole is called a phyllode.
Opuntia and Euphorbia have flattened or fleshy photosynthetic stems (phylloclades), and Asparagus has cladodes.

A composite (multiple) fruit develops from a complete inflorescence.
Fig (syconus), pineapple (sorosis) and mulberry (sorosis) are composite fruits.
Walnut, poppy, radish, apple and tomato are simple fruits, each developing from a single flower.
So three plants in the list have composite fruits.

When many carpels are present and free from one another the gynoecium is multicarpellary and apocarpous, as in Michelia (and lotus, rose).
In Aloe, tomato and Papaver the carpels are fused (syncarpous).

In a cymose inflorescence the main axis ends in a flower and has limited growth; the flowers are borne in basipetal order.
It is found in Solanum.
Brassica, Sesbania and Trifolium have racemose inflorescences.