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Some of the properties of the two species, $NO_3^-$ and $H_3O^+$, are described below. Which one of them is correct?
A
Dissimilar in hybridization for the central atom with different structures
B
Isostructural with same hybridization for the central atom
C
Isostructural with different hybridization for the central atom
D
Similar in hybridization for the central atom with different structures
Detailed Solution
$NO_3^-$: nitrogen has 3 σ bonds and no lone pair (steric number 3), so it is $sp^2$ hybridised and the ion is trigonal planar.
$H_3O^+$: oxygen has 3 σ bonds and one lone pair (steric number 4), so it is $sp^3$ hybridised and the ion is pyramidal.
So the two species differ both in the hybridisation of the central atom ($sp^2$ and $sp^3$) and in shape (planar and pyramidal).
Hence they are dissimilar in hybridization for the central atom, with different structures.
$H_3O^+$: oxygen has 3 σ bonds and one lone pair (steric number 4), so it is $sp^3$ hybridised and the ion is pyramidal.
So the two species differ both in the hybridisation of the central atom ($sp^2$ and $sp^3$) and in shape (planar and pyramidal).
Hence they are dissimilar in hybridization for the central atom, with different structures.