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The volume (V) of a monatomic gas varies with its temperature (T), as shown in the graph. The ratio of work done by the gas, to the heat absorbed by it, when it undergoes a change from state A to state B, is
Explanation
For an isobaric process $W/Q = R/C_p = 2/5$ for a monatomic gas.
Detailed Solution
The V–T graph is a straight line through the origin, so the given process is isobaric.
$dQ = nC_p\,dT = n\left(\frac{5}{2}R\right)dT$ (monatomic gas)
$dW = P\,dV = nR\,dT$
Required ratio $= \frac{dW}{dQ} = \frac{nR\,dT}{n\left(\frac{5}{2}R\right)dT} = \frac{2}{5}$
So the ratio of work done to heat absorbed is $\frac{2}{5}$.