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Which one of the following bacteria has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants : -
A
Clostridium septicum
B
Xanthomonas citri
C
Bacillus coagulens
D
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Detailed Solution
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium that causes crown gall in many dicot plants. It transfers a piece of DNA (T-DNA) from its Ti (tumour-inducing) plasmid into the plant genome.
Scientists disarm the Ti plasmid by removing its tumour-causing genes and insert useful genes into the T-DNA. The bacterium then delivers these genes into plant cells, producing transgenic plants.
So Agrobacterium is called a natural genetic engineer of plants.
Clostridium, Xanthomonas and Bacillus coagulans are not used for this purpose.
So the bacterium is Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
Scientists disarm the Ti plasmid by removing its tumour-causing genes and insert useful genes into the T-DNA. The bacterium then delivers these genes into plant cells, producing transgenic plants.
So Agrobacterium is called a natural genetic engineer of plants.
Clostridium, Xanthomonas and Bacillus coagulans are not used for this purpose.
So the bacterium is Agrobacterium tumefaciens.