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Hormonal Control of Menstrual Cycle
Concepts tested here
- Role of progesterone and oestrogen
All Questions
2007 AIPMT-PRE 1 question
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In the human female, menstruation can be deferred by the administration ofThe endometrium of the uterus is built up by oestrogen and is maintained by progesterone during the secretory phase.
Menstruation occurs when the corpus luteum degenerates and the levels of progesterone and oestrogen fall, so that the endometrium breaks down.
If a combination of oestrogen and progesterone is administered, their levels in the blood remain high and the endometrium continues to be maintained, so menstruation is deferred.
These hormones also inhibit the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary by negative feedback, so that no additional follicles develop.
This is the principle of the combined oral contraceptive pill; menstruation occurs only when the pills are stopped.
FSH and LH act on the ovary and do not directly maintain the endometrium.
So menstruation can be deferred by a combination of estrogen and progesterone.