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Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Acidity of Phenols – Effect of Substituents
2 questions from 2 papers, each with its answer.
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All Questions
2022 1 question
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Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The acidic strength of monosubstituted nitrophenol is higher than phenol because of electron withdrawing nitro group.
Statement II: o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol will have same acidic strength as they have one nitro group attached to the phenolic ring. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:The acidic strength of phenol increases due to electron-withdrawing groups, so nitrophenols are more acidic than phenol – Statement I is correct.
Order of acidic strength: p-nitrophenol > o-nitrophenol > m-nitrophenol > phenol, so they do not have the same acidic strength – Statement II is incorrect.
2017 1 question
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Which one is the most acidic compound?
More electron-withdrawing $-NO_2$ groups at o/p positions increase acidity.
$-NO_2$ group has very strong –I and –R effects. 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol has three $-NO_2$ groups (ortho and para), which stabilise the phenoxide ion most, so it is the most acidic.