Solution

Viruses multiply only inside living cells. Animal cell cultures (e.g. monkey kidney cells, chick embryo fibroblasts, Vero cells) provide such cells on a large scale.
Most viral vaccines, such as those for polio, measles, mumps, rubella and rabies, are produced by growing the virus in animal cell cultures.
Insulin is now produced mainly by recombinant bacteria (E. coli) or yeast, and edible proteins (single cell protein) by microbes. Interferons are also made, but on a much smaller scale than vaccines.
So the maximum application of animal cell culture today is in the production of vaccines.

Concept Viral vaccines from cell culture

Biotechnology and its Applications in past papers

86 questions from this chapter have appeared across 26 exam years.