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Energy bands in solids
Concepts tested here
- Band gap of C and Si
All Questions
2012 AIPMT-PRE 1 question
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C and Si both have same lattice structure, having 4 bonding electrons in each. However, C is insulator whereas Si is intrinsic semiconductor. This is becauseCarbon: $1s^22s^22p^2$ — the four bonding electrons are in the second orbit. Silicon: $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^2$ — they are in the third orbit.
Electrons in the third orbit are farther from the nucleus and less tightly bound, so the energy needed to free them (the band gap) is much smaller for Si (about 1.1 eV) than for C (about 5.4 eV).
So C is an insulator while Si is an intrinsic semiconductor.
