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Extrinsic semiconductors
Appears in
Concepts tested here
- n-type semiconductor 2
- Mass action law
All Questions
2013 NEET 1 question
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In a n-type semiconductor, which of the following statement is true:An n-type semiconductor is made by doping with pentavalent atoms. Electrons are the majority carriers and holes are the minority carriers.
2011 AIPMT-MAINS 1 question
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Pure Si at 500 K has equal number of electron ($n_e$) and hole ($n_h$) concentrations of $1.5\times10^{16}\ m^{-3}$. Doping by indium increases $n_h$ to $4.5\times10^{22}\ m^{-3}$. The doped semiconductor is ofIndium is a trivalent impurity (acceptor); it creates holes, so the doped semiconductor is p-type.
For a semiconductor in thermal equilibrium, $n_en_h = n_i^2$ (mass action law).
$n_i = 1.5\times10^{16}\ m^{-3}$, so $n_i^2 = 2.25\times10^{32}\ m^{-6}$
$n_e = \frac{n_i^2}{n_h} = \frac{2.25\times10^{32}}{4.5\times10^{22}}$
$n_e = 0.5\times10^{10} = 5\times10^9\ m^{-3}$
So it is p-type with electron concentration $n_e = 5\times10^9\ m^{-3}$.
2011 AIPMT-PRE 1 question
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If a small amount of antimony is added to germanium crystalAntimony is a pentavalent element (5 valence electrons); germanium is tetravalent.
Four of the electrons of antimony form covalent bonds with neighbouring germanium atoms and the fifth electron is donated as a free electron.
So antimony is a donor atom and the crystal becomes an n-type semiconductor.
In an n-type semiconductor electrons are the majority carriers, so there are more free electrons than holes.
Doping increases the number of charge carriers, so the resistance decreases, not increases.
Hence there will be more free electrons than holes in the semiconductor.
