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Biological Classification
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The main criteria used for Five Kingdom Classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker (1969) included: I. Cell structure II. Body organization III. Presence of flagellum IV. Reproduction V. Phylogenetic relationships Choose the CORRECT answer from the options given below:A I, II, IV and V onlyB I, II, III, IV and VC I, II and V onlyD II, III and IV only
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Which of following organisms cannot fix nitrogen?
A. Azotobacter
B. Oscillatoria
C. Anabaena
D. Volvox
E. Nostoc
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:A A onlyB D onlyC B onlyD E onlyVolvox is a green alga (chlorophyte) and cannot fix nitrogen.
Azotobacter, Oscillatoria, Anabaena, and Nostoc are diazotrophs (bacteria/cyanobacteria capable of nitrogen fixation). Volvox is a colonial green alga (eukaryote) that cannot fix atmospheric nitrogen. -
Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organization.
A. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin.
B. Heterotrophs with tissue/organ/organ system level of body organization.
C. Prokaryotes with cell wall made of polysaccharides and amino acids.
D. Eukaryotic autotrophs with tissue/organ level of body organization.
E. Eukaryotes with cellular body organization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:A A, C, E, B, DB C, E, A, D, BC A, C, E, D, BD C, E, A, B, DOrder of complexity: Monera (C) -> Protista (E) -> Fungi (A) -> Plantae (D) -> Animalia (B).
In Whittaker's five-kingdom classification, organization complexity increases from: C (Monera, unicellular prokaryote) \rightarrow E (Protista, unicellular eukaryote) \rightarrow A (Fungi, multicellular loose mycelium) \rightarrow D (Plantae, tissue/organ autotrophs) \rightarrow B (Animalia, tissue/organ/organ-system heterotrophs). -
Which one of the following is not a criterion for classification of fungi?A Mode of spore formationB Fruiting bodyC Morphology of myceliumD Mode of nutrition
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Match List I with List II regarding fungal genera and their common names.
Column I
- A. $Rhizopus$
- B. $Ustilago$
- C. $Puccinia$
- D. $Agaricus$
Column II
- I. Mushroom
- II. Smut fungus
- III. Bread mould
- IV. Rust fungus
Correct answer: A → III, B → II, C → IV, D → I
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Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements. In the members of Phaeophyceae. A. Asexual reproduction occurs usually by biflagellate zoospores. B. Sexual reproduction is by oogamous method only. C. Stored food is in the form of carbohydrates which is either mannitol or laminarin D. The major pigments found are chlorophyll a, c and carotenoids and xanthophyll. E. Vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall, usually covered on the outside by gelatinous coating of algin. Choose the correct answer front the options given below:A A, C, D and E onlyB A, B, C and E onlyC A, B, C and D onlyD B, C, D and E only
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Match List-I (Organisms) with List-II (Mode of Nutrition) and choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Column I
- A. Euglenoid
- B. Dinoflagellate
- C. Slime mould
- D. Plasmodium
Column II
- I. Parasitic
- II. Saprophytic
- III. Photosynthetic
- IV. Switching between photosynthetic and heterotrophic mode
Correct answer: A → IV, B → III, C → II, D → I
Euglenoid switches between photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition (A-IV); Dinoflagellates are largely photosynthetic (B-III); Slime moulds are saprophytic (C-II); Plasmodium (sporozoan) is parasitic (D-I). -
Which of the following is a correct statement?A Mycoplasma have DNA, Ribosome and cell wallB Cyanobacteria are a group of autotrophic organisms classified under Kingdom MoneraC Bacteria are exclusively heterotrophic organismsD Slime moulds are saprophytic organisms classified under Kingdom Monera.
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Which of the following statements is correct?A Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or non- motile gametes is called plasmogamy.B Organisms that depend on living plants are called saprophytes.C Some of the organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called sheath cells.D Fusion of two cells is called Karyogamy.
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Which of the following is correct about viroids?A They have free RNA without protein coat.B They have DNA with protein coat.C They have free DNA without protein coat.D They have RNA with protein coat.
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Which of the following is incorrect about Cyanobacteria?A They have chlorophyll A similar to green plantsB They are photoautotrophsC They lack heterocystsD They often form blooms in polluted water bodiesCyanobacteria (e.g. Nostoc, Anabaena) possess specialised cells called heterocysts, which are the sites of nitrogen fixation — so the statement that they lack heterocysts is incorrect.
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Inclusion bodies of blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria areA MicrotubulesB Contractile vacuolesC Gas vacuolesD CentriolesGas vacuoles are inclusion bodies found in blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria, helping them float/regulate buoyancy in water.
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Phycoerythrin is the major pigment inA Brown algaeB Red algaeC Blue green algaeD Green algaePhycoerythrin is the major accessory pigment found in red algae (Rhodophyceae), giving them their characteristic red colour.
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The size of Pleuropneumonia - like organism (PPLO) isA $0.1\ \mu m$B $0.02\ \mu m$C $1-2\ \mu m$D $10-20\ \mu m$Mycoplasma (Pleuropneumonia-like organisms, PPLO) are the smallest living cells known, with a size of about 0.1 micrometer ($\mu m$).
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Which of the following statements is incorrect?A Viroids lack a protein coatB Viruses are obligate parasitesC Infective constituent in viruses is the protein coatD Prions consist of abnormally folded proteins
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Which of the following statements is incorrect?A Morels and truffles are edible delicacies.B $Claviceps$ is a source of many alkaloids and LSD.C Conidia are produced exogenously and ascospores endogenously.D Yeasts have filamentous bodies with long thread-like hyphae.
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Match Column-I with Column-II.
Column I
- A. Saprophyte
- B. Parasite
- C. Lichens
- D. Mycorrhiza
Column II
- I. Symbiotic association of fungi with plant roots
- II. Decomposition of dead organic materials
- III. Living on living plants or animals
- IV. Symbiotic association of algae and fungi
Correct answer: A → II, B → III, C → IV, D → I