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Biology
Biological Classification
117 questions, each with its answer.
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The main criteria used for Five Kingdom Classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker (1969) included: I. Cell structure II. Body organization III. Presence of flagellum IV. Reproduction V. Phylogenetic relationships Choose the CORRECT answer from the options given below:
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Symbiotic association between fungi and algae are called ________.Reference: NCERT Class XI, page 21.
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Mad cow disease is caused by _______.Reference: NCERT Class XI, page 21.
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Match List-I with List-II.
Pick the matching item from Column II for each row.
Column I
- A. Spherical
- B. Rod
- C. Comma
- D. Spirillum
Column II
- I. Vibrio
- II. Cocci
- III. Spirilla
- IV. Bacilli
Correct answer: A → II, B → IV, C → I, D → III
Reference: NCERT Class XI, page 89. -
Which of the following is not a prokaryote?Reference: NCERT Class XI, pages 13, 14, 16.
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Match List-I with List-II.
Pick the matching item from Column II for each row.
Column I
- A. Fusion of protoplasms between gametes
- B. Fusion of two nuclei
- C. Generation of haploid spores
Column II
- I. Meiosis
- II. Plasmogamy
- III. Karyogamy
Correct answer: A → II, B → III, C → I
Reference: NCERT Class XI, page 17. -
Which of following organisms cannot fix nitrogen?
A. Azotobacter
B. Oscillatoria
C. Anabaena
D. Volvox
E. Nostoc
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:Volvox is a green alga (chlorophyte) and cannot fix nitrogen.
Azotobacter, Oscillatoria, Anabaena, and Nostoc are diazotrophs (bacteria/cyanobacteria capable of nitrogen fixation). Volvox is a colonial green alga (eukaryote) that cannot fix atmospheric nitrogen. -
Each of the following characteristics represent a Kingdom proposed by Whittaker. Arrange the following in increasing order of complexity of body organization.
A. Multicellular heterotrophs with cell wall made of chitin.
B. Heterotrophs with tissue/organ/organ system level of body organization.
C. Prokaryotes with cell wall made of polysaccharides and amino acids.
D. Eukaryotic autotrophs with tissue/organ level of body organization.
E. Eukaryotes with cellular body organization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:Order of complexity: Monera (C) -> Protista (E) -> Fungi (A) -> Plantae (D) -> Animalia (B).
In Whittaker's five-kingdom classification, organization complexity increases from: C (Monera, unicellular prokaryote) \rightarrow E (Protista, unicellular eukaryote) \rightarrow A (Fungi, multicellular loose mycelium) \rightarrow D (Plantae, tissue/organ autotrophs) \rightarrow B (Animalia, tissue/organ/organ-system heterotrophs). -
Which one of the following is not a criterion for classification of fungi?The morphology of the mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies form the basis for dividing the kingdom Fungi into various classes. Mode of nutrition is not a criterion for the classification of fungi.
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Match List I with List II regarding fungal genera and their common names.
Pick the matching item from Column II for each row.
Column I
- A. $Rhizopus$
- B. $Ustilago$
- C. $Puccinia$
- D. $Agaricus$
Column II
- I. Mushroom
- II. Smut fungus
- III. Bread mould
- IV. Rust fungus
Correct answer: A → III, B → II, C → IV, D → I
$Rhizopus$ – bread mould $Ustilago$ – smut fungus $Puccinia$ – rust fungus $Agaricus$ – mushroom Correct match: A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I. -
Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements. In the members of Phaeophyceae. A. Asexual reproduction occurs usually by biflagellate zoospores. B. Sexual reproduction is by oogamous method only. C. Stored food is in the form of carbohydrates which is either mannitol or laminarin D. The major pigments found are chlorophyll a, c and carotenoids and xanthophyll. E. Vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall, usually covered on the outside by gelatinous coating of algin. Choose the correct answer front the options given below:A. Asexual reproduction in Phaeophyceae is usually by biflagellate zoospores – correct. B. Sexual reproduction may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous, not oogamous only – incorrect. C. Stored food is complex carbohydrates – mannitol or laminarin – correct. D. Major pigments are chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids and xanthophylls (fucoxanthin) – correct. E. Vegetative cells have a cellulosic wall usually covered on the outside by a gelatinous coating of algin – correct. So A, C, D and E only are correct.
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Match List-I (Organisms) with List-II (Mode of Nutrition) and choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Pick the matching item from Column II for each row.
Column I
- A. Euglenoid
- B. Dinoflagellate
- C. Slime mould
- D. Plasmodium
Column II
- I. Parasitic
- II. Saprophytic
- III. Photosynthetic
- IV. Switching between photosynthetic and heterotrophic mode
Correct answer: A → IV, B → III, C → II, D → I
Euglenoid switches between photosynthetic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition (A-IV); Dinoflagellates are largely photosynthetic (B-III); Slime moulds are saprophytic (C-II); Plasmodium (sporozoan) is parasitic (D-I). -
Which of the following is a correct statement?
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Mad cow disease in cattle and Cr Jacob disease in humans are due to infection by ________.Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) in cattle and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans are caused by prions, which are abnormally folded proteins.
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Which of the following statements is correct?
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Which of the following is correct about viroids?Viroids are infectious agents consisting of free RNA without a protein coat (found by T.O. Diener, causing potato spindle tuber disease).
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Which of the following is incorrect about Cyanobacteria?Cyanobacteria (e.g. Nostoc, Anabaena) possess specialised cells called heterocysts, which are the sites of nitrogen fixation — so the statement that they lack heterocysts is incorrect.
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Inclusion bodies of blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria areGas vacuoles are inclusion bodies found in blue-green, purple and green photosynthetic bacteria, helping them float/regulate buoyancy in water.
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Phycoerythrin is the major pigment inPhycoerythrin is the major accessory pigment found in red algae (Rhodophyceae), giving them their characteristic red colour.
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The size of Pleuropneumonia - like organism (PPLO) isMycoplasma (Pleuropneumonia-like organisms, PPLO) are the smallest living cells known, with a size of about 0.1 micrometer ($\mu m$).
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Which of the following statements is incorrect?
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Which of the following statements is incorrect?
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Match Column-I with Column-II.
Pick the matching item from Column II for each row.
Column I
- A. Saprophyte
- B. Parasite
- C. Lichens
- D. Mycorrhiza
Column II
- I. Symbiotic association of fungi with plant roots
- II. Decomposition of dead organic materials
- III. Living on living plants or animals
- IV. Symbiotic association of algae and fungi
Correct answer: A → II, B → III, C → IV, D → I
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Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an organism which has:
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Which of the following statements is correct
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