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Mutation
Appears in
Concepts tested here
- Mutagens
- Point mutation
All Questions
2012 AIPMT-MAINS 1 question
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Which one of the following is a wrong statement regarding mutations?A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that alters the genotype and phenotype.
A change in even a single base pair of DNA is a mutation, called a point mutation. The classical example is sickle-cell anaemia, in which a single base substitution (GAG → GUG in the codon) replaces glutamic acid by valine in the $\beta$-globin chain.
So the statement that a single base pair change does not cause mutation is wrong.
Deletions and insertions of base pairs shift the reading frame and cause frame-shift mutations (true).
Chromosomal aberrations are commonly observed in cancer cells (true), and UV and gamma radiations are physical mutagens (true).
Hence the wrong statement is 'Change in a single base pair of DNA does not cause mutation'.
2011 AIPMT-PRE 1 question
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Mutations can be induced withAgents that induce mutations are called mutagens; they change the base sequence or structure of DNA.
High-energy ionising radiations such as gamma rays and X-rays (and non-ionising UV rays) are physical mutagens that damage DNA and cause breaks in chromosomes.
Gamma radiations are used in mutation breeding of crops, e.g., to obtain disease-resistant mung bean.
Infra-red radiation has too little energy to alter DNA; it only produces heat.
IAA (an auxin) and ethylene are plant growth regulators, not mutagens.
Hence mutations can be induced with gamma radiations.
