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Biotechnology and its Applications
Transgenic Organisms
1 question from 1 paper, each with its answer.
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Concepts tested
- Tissue-specific promoter controls expression
All Questions
2004 AIPMT 1 question
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In transgenics expression of transgene in target tissue is determined by :-A transgene is a foreign gene introduced into an organism. For it to be expressed, it must be joined to a promoter that the host's RNA polymerase can recognise.
The promoter is the DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription. A tissue-specific promoter is active only in certain cells, so it decides in which tissue (and when) the transgene is expressed.
Example: a seed-specific promoter makes the transgene act only in seeds; the gene for human alpha-1-antitrypsin in Rosie the transgenic cow was placed under a milk-specific promoter.
A reporter gene only helps to identify transformed cells; an enhancer increases the level of transcription but the target tissue is fixed by the promoter.
So the expression of a transgene in the target tissue is determined by the promoter.